"beyond" The Pope concluded the reform of eternity.
Original Source Benedict proclaims that purgatory is not a physical place, but "inner fire" of the sinner - Juan Pablo II amended in 1999 the concept of heaven and hell and die before questioned the limbo
JOHN G. 16/01/2011 BEDOYA
Everything is metaphor. Where the Creed teaches that good will be rewarded with eternal heaven and the sinners punished with a terrible hell, actually does not refer to physical places in the clouds or below ground, but moods. The same applies to the purgatory that Pope Benedict XVI also recently reduced to a simple "inner fire." "Purgatory is not an element of the bowels of the Earth, there is a fire outside, but internally," the Pope said in last Wednesday's catechesis.
John Paul II said something similar in August 1999 about heaven and hell, also mere moods. He had proclaimed long before the French existentialist philosopher Jean Paul Sartre, with this sentence was time: "Hell is other people."
said in 1999 the famous Polish pope, "Hell, more than a place, is a situation of who is away in a free and definitive of God." And also that "the sky is not a physical place in the clouds, but a living relationship with God."
far justified write heaven, hell, purgatory or limbo because they were considered capitalize place names, "albeit mythical or imaginary." It thus establishes the Royal English Academy in the recent
Spelling of English. His argument is that these substantive "established specifically designated places by the various religions as a destination of souls after death ".
Settled as mythical place names, lose the right to the capital. It remains to get an apology for the misery and fear caused to these scarecrows. After Galileo was impossible believe in heaven as the church had. But to say has been dangerous for centuries. In 1600 Giordano Bruno was burned alive, in 1616 condemned Copernicus, and in 1663, Galileo. The moral price paid by those Vatican atrocities is high, but the greater the grief of millions of faithful who have lived, many are still alive, terrified by the idea of \u200b\u200beternal fire in hell now discarded.
Popes fought
now the faithful Catholics of that apocalyptic eschatology, dark and vengeful. Theologians as important as or Hans Küng Hans Urs von Balthasar, are forward 40 years, first at the risk of anatematización. It was the Second Vatican Council expert on the decision of John XXIII and professor of theology at the Catholic University of Tübingen when he was removed from office by his writings.
In 1975 Küng wrote about heaven: "You can not today as in biblical times, understanding the sky blue as the outside of the throne room of God, but the image of the invisible realm of God. The sky of faith sky is not the astronauts. There is a place, but a way of being. "He said about hell:" Do not be understood as a place or infraterrestre supraterrestrial world, but as exclusion from communion with the living God. "
If everything was so clear, why Popes later reviewed as the doctrine of the afterlife? There are three answers. The first has to do with the so-called harassment of science. Rome did not want to repeat the bitter story of Galileo or Giordano Bruno. The second reason is the result of statistics : 60% of Catholics believe in Christ, but not in hell or in paradise. And, finally, to fulfill an obligation to reconcile that have delayed more than prudent. The Church must live in their time, and the interpretation has to be updated in the past became sacred texts. This is the
aggiornamento, favorite word of John XXIII and Vatican II.
The last myth to fall into disuse has been purgatory. It was somewhere between heaven and hell, a sort of waiting room. Never officially said where it was located and its arrival on the scene, around 1170, justified the celebration of All Saints and a nasty habit of buying bulls that heaven for the souls of friends and relatives.
Another stud in eschatological geography affected limb. Classic catechisms said limbo was where they were who died without the use of reason and not baptized. A place without torment or glory, something like being in the clouds forever.
The punishment was to live in a third class of cavity than the heaven and hell, in which innocent souls, besides being deprived of glory, would suffer the absence of those who had the good fortune to escape: parents, siblings. .. Tridentine doctrine incentivized with such terrible arguments quickly baptism of infants.
John Paul II who was ordained in 2004, shortly before his death, the then Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (now Benedict XVI) the address of a theological commission why the suppression the limbus. It was not an isolated theological problem. The papacy was forced to change views that have been filled with anguish the faithful. Thus, the view from St. Augustine, has the Church of Rome on the man as a hopelessly empecatado since Eve and the serpent bundled Adam. The Pope sought a synthesis that would help "to practice more coherent and enlightened pastoral." The doctrine that puts in limbo the dead children with the "original sin" is not washed away by baptism, is of medieval origin and some relevant among modern theologians unless it is twinned with the idea, also secured by suitable Vatican II, that outside the Roman Church had not salvation.
"In the beginning God created heaven and earth," reads the first sentence of the Bible. For those who take the holy book as a doctrine, such a start occurred in just one week and 6,000 years ago. They also claim that there was a Paradise (sometimes a garden called Eden, the Earth's delight), where Adam and Eve called an appendix ribs had two sons, Cain and Abel, which in turn ... The happy story of the apple cost them being thrown into outer darkness and some have to work, they and their descendants, to earn bread by the sweat of their brow. " The biblical writer did not see unemployment at that time.
It is a curious history, including snake and unhappy ending. In fact, all unreal. But its consequences have been terrible. As for centuries the subject of earthly paradise has been interpreted as it was written at the time of King Solomon, Christian preachers have taught that Eve came evil and death in the world and that women deserve everlasting contempt for it. "Do not be never or Judas and Eve", urged Pius XII, in the fifties of last century, every time there was ordination of priests in Rome and received in audience the
misacantanos. There is a long list of Christian thinkers who proclaimed in the sixties, after the Vatican II, which now preach the pontiffs. But for a layman eyes, the new papal eschatology turned upside down the classical interpretation of sacred texts and what has been taught as doctrine to English children in catechism as famous as those of Astete and Ripalda. Also fell precipitously the idea of \u200b\u200bThomas Aquinas on some of the essential pleasures of going to heaven: in addition to the vision of God, the wise Aquinas stresses the un-Christian from the contemplation of the sufferings of the cast into hell.
In the same vein, the gigantic Dante preaches that vengeful delight when
The Divine Comedy, in addition to gloat in the "region of the Damned" with the appointment of thieves, loan sharks, pimps, betrayers, negligent princes, popes and genius greedy cheaters like Ulysses (at the Trojan horse), adjusts his countrymen accounts of Florence, of which was prior before being exiled. On his journey to the beyond the appointment of 32 Florentine poet rotting in hell. Gloating is human, but may be exaggerations such alternative eschatology excremental a word, a derivative of
eschatos (last) and
logos (study): a study of recent days.
The morbid gossip Dante to the condemned into everlasting fire, terrified, however, Unamuno, calling them "moral absurdity" the very idea of \u200b\u200bhell. "For the hell I started to rebel against the faith. My fear is annihilation, annulment, nothing beyond the grave. What more hell?" He wrote.
For the hell and the rest of Christian eschatology, the Vatican, with its enormous power, filled with shadows, sorrows and fears for centuries the vision of humanity, with limits taken today by irreverent. An example is the Capuchin preacher Martin von Cochem, who came to set the height of the flames of hell, calling attention to the fact that his fire is hottest the earth: it happens "Rather close", "feeds on fish and brimstone" and it is God who breathes.
"You know," is displayed Cochem, "that when you blow on the fire, it turns with a vengeance. If the fire is stoked with great bellows, as in the forges of the blacksmiths, the flames become furious. When Almighty God is blowing the fire of hell with his breath, how horrible is not his rage and fury. "
That a so gross and absurd eschatology has survived for centuries can be explained by the desire for immortality of the human race and the hope of a "beyond" after death. He holds Manuel Fraija theologian, a student in Germany by Karl Rahner, Hans Küng and Walter Kasper (director of doctoral thesis). "I told Feuerbach that if there were no death, there would be no religion. And Nietzsche attributed the victory of Christianity in this deplorable flattery of personal vanity achieved by dint of promises of immortality," he adds.
Hell is also a destructive dystopia. By threatening to eternal punishment, was intended to cause terror and the flight of the world. The look of the past acted as a distraction to divert believers from their responsibilities in building the earthly city.
the background is the doctrine of the resurrection, which was also born as a response to injustice. Fraija theologian says: "There are those unjustly treated, humiliated and offended, victims of selfishness and barbarism. The resurrection is to satisfy one of the fundamental desires of human beings, marked by a melancholy of fulfillment that only the full resurrection . There is an anthropology of unsatisfied call it, that fits well with the announcement of the resurrection. For her, the resurrection is a requirement. " -----
Every day
Atheist Forum suggest a topic in our "topic" but also want to know what you think. What do you believe and not believe? Sign in to discuss with us
Atheist Forum the best atheist themed chat, in which atheists, agnostics, liberals and free thinkers come together.
sign into chat from the irc-hispano with any irc client, or directly from webchat:
also from http:/ http://chat.foroateo.com and / www.foroateo.com .
chat rules.
